The tobacco planters and farmers of Virginia adhered to the concept of a hierarchical society that they or their ancestors had brought with them from England. Heinemann emphasizes the ideological conservatism of Virginia, while noting there were also religious dissenters who were gaining strength by the 1760s: At the local level, Church of England parishes handled many local affairs, and they in turn were controlled not by the minister, but rather by a closed circle of rich landowners who comprised the parish vestry.
#Conservative and liberas in 1840 full
In the largest and richest and most influential of the American colonies, Virginia, conservatives held full control of the colonial and local governments. This old conservatism centered on a landed elite and on an urban merchant class that was Loyalist during the Revolution. The conservatism that prevailed in the Thirteen Colonies before 1776 was of a very different character than the conservatism that emerged based on revolutionary principles. During Reconstruction in the late 1860s, the former Whigs formed a Conservative Party in several Southern states, but they soon merged into the state Democratic parties. Since 1962, there has been a small Conservative Party of New York State. The Conservative Party of Virginia, founded in 1867, elected members to the House of Representatives from two other states (Maryland and North Carolina). Unlike Canada and the United Kingdom, there has never been a major national political party named the Conservative Party in the United States. Historian Patrick Allitt expresses the difference between conservative and liberal in terms not of policy but of attitude. American conservatism is best characterized as opposition to utopian ideas of progress. No American party has advocated European ideals of conservatism such as a monarchy, an established church, or a hereditary aristocracy. Political divisions inside the United States often seemed minor or trivial to Europeans, where the divide between the Left and the Right led to violent political polarization, starting with the French Revolution. All major American political parties support republicanism and the basic classical liberal ideals on which the country was founded in 1776, emphasizing liberty, the pursuit of happiness, the rule of law, the consent of the governed, opposition to aristocracy and fear of corruption, coupled with equal rights before the law.
There has never been a national political party in the United States called the Conservative Party. Please consider expanding the lead to provide an accessible overview of all important aspects of the article.
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